ABSTRACT
Background@#Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an important infectious pathogen implicated in porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), which has caused significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. @*Objectives@#A suitable viral vector-mediated gene transfer platform for the expression of the capsid protein (Cap) is an attractive strategy. @*Methods@#In the present study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 (rAAV8) vector was constructed to encode Cap (Cap-rAAV) in vitro and in vitro after gene transfer. @*Results@#The obtained results showed that Cap could be expressed in HEK293T cells and BABL/c mice. The results of lymphocytes proliferative, as well as immunoglobulin G (IgG) 2a and interferon-γ showed strong cellular immune responses induced by Cap-rAAV. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers obtained and the IgG1 and interleukin-4 levels showed that humoral immune responses were also induced by Cap-rAAV. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the rAAV8 vaccine Cap-rAAV can induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses, indicating a potential rAAV8 vaccine against PCV2. @*Conclusions@#The injection of rAAV8 encoding PCV2 Cap genes into muscle tissue can ensure long-term, continuous, and systemic expression.
ABSTRACT
In order to provide insights into sampling in suspected cases of morphine poisoning,the present study was conducted to investigate the distribution patterns of morphine in organs in rats with acute morphine poisoning at different post mortem intervals.Localization and semi quantitation of morphine in the brain,kidney,heart and liver were determined in rats at 15min to 5h after intravenous administration of morphine and at different intervals from 0 to 48h after death using the immunohistochemical SP method and image analysis.The results showed that the morphine could be detected in cytoplasms of certain parenchymal cells in all organs examined short time after delivery of morphine.With the extension of post delivery intervals,the level of morphine inereased,peaked,followed by decrease thereafter.The amount and the distribution patterns of morphine varied greatly with different organs.In the brain,the morphine could be detected earlier than in the heart,kidney and liver.It could detected 15min after the drug administration,with a peak,and disppeared at 5h after drug delivery.It decayed slowly as compared with the heart and lung.The kidney was the second organ in which the morphine was detected early with a high level and decayed slowly.In conclusion,immunohistochemical SP method can be used as a specific technique to detect morphine in organs in suspected cases of morphine poisoning.Both brain and kidney were the candidates for sampling in such case.